The world's population growing rapidly today, ensuring an adequate wheat harvest for everyone is a constant challenge. Wheat yield can be increased by controlling 1000 mil weight, which is one of the key determinants. Quality control mil length, mil width, mil thickness and 1000 mil weight to determine mill density. To identify the qualities associated with mill density, 88 hists derived from a cross between JJ625LG, which has a high mill density, long spindle mills, and a low mill weight of 1000, and Namchan, which has a short, rounded mill stem and a heavy 1000 mil weight. In 2021 and 2022, we used 511 SNP markers to map plant density-related qualities on physical maps. Mill density-related qualities are evenly distributed across chromosomes 2, 3, 5, 10, and 11. QRlw5 on chromosome 5 was associated with the major previously cloned and detected genes, GS3 and qSW5, respectively, and was found to be related to mill density. Moreover, qGw10 and qGw10-1, which were further detected in this study, were found to be associated with Os10g0525200 (OsCPq10), a potential candidate gene involved in mill density regulation. This gene encodes a cytochrome P450 family of proteins and is thought to have beneficial effects on Mill density by interacting with proteins involved in the mechanisms that determine Mill density. Specifically, OsCPq10 was screened for two consecutive years in the same identified QTL region. This is expected to have a positive impact on mill density. These results help breed superior high-yielding wheat varieties by adding detailed mapping on mill density.
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