The clinical topic is a lack of mitochondrial translation and abnormalities in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Among the additional topics are the following: protein synthesis in the mitochondria, mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acid and stroke-like episodes, protein synthesis directed by the nucleus, the ribosome, the structure of transfer RNA (tRNA), initiation and amino acid tRNA synthase, elongation and peptidyltransferase ribozyme, termination, inhibitors of protein synthesis, proteins synthesised in the cytoplasm (Carter CG et al., 2001).
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