A critical public health problem that jeopardizes our capacity to treat common diseases is antimicrobial resistance (AMR). A subpopulation of resistant bacteria can grow by natural selection when proteins are unregulated, which frequently causes AMR in bacteria. Finding these proteins is vital for comprehending how AMR arises in bacteria and for creating innovative therapies to counter the danger of AMR spreading widely. Through measuring the altering protein abundances brought on by antibiotic treatment, mass spectrometry-based proteomics, a potent technique for understanding the biochemical processes of biological systems, provides great insight into AMR mechanisms in bacteria. In this article, we outline a serial passaging technique for bacterial resistance evolution that uses quantitative proteomics to identify the unique proteomes of resistant bacteria. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are the main subject of this article; however the method may be applied to any antimicrobial substance. Comparative proteomics of sensitive and resistant strains in response to AMP treatment discloses ways to withstand the bioactive substance and identifies the mechanism of action for new AMPs.
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