Atata, R.F. Ibrahim, Y.K.E. Giwa, A. Akanbi, A.A.
Antibiotics resistance profile of bacterial isolate s from surgical site and hospital environment in a University teaching hospital in Nigeria was carried out. Agar disc diffusion and Broth dilution method s were respectively used for the determination of sus ceptibility and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of antibiotics on the isolates. Presence of β -lactamase in the isolates was determined by iodome tric method, while Acridine orange was used for curing i solates with r-plasmids. The isolated bacterial species from surgical sites and the hospital enviro nments were Staphylococus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Stre ptococcus spp. Klebsiela pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp., Proteus mirabi lis, Proteus vulgaris, Citrobacter freundii, Serrat ia marscenses, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus , Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus subtlis. The antibiotics used include the following; ampicillin, penicillin, cloxacillin, chloramphenicol, streptom ycin, azithromycin, erythromycin, ofloxacin, spafloxacin, ciprofloxacin, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, doxycycline. The result revealed that all isolates showed multiple resistances to all antibiotics used . Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) index of isola tes ranged from 0.6-0.8. out of 147 isolates test ed for presence of β -lactamase, 94(64%) possessed the β -lactamases, and 90 out of 147 (61.2%) also harboured r-plasmids, implying that some of the ß-l actamase enzymes produced are most likely plasmid mediated. It was concluded that presence of β -lactamase and r-plasmid are probably responsible for the observed multiple resistance.
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